Solution Dilution Calculator

What is Solution Dilution?

Solution dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of a solute in a solution by adding more solvent. This technique is commonly used in chemistry and biology to prepare solutions of desired concentrations from a more concentrated stock solution.

Formula

The formula for solution dilution is:

\[ C_1V_1 = C_2V_2 \]

Where:

• \(C_1\) is the initial concentration
• \(V_1\) is the initial volume
• \(C_2\) is the final concentration
• \(V_2\) is the final volume

Calculation Steps

Let's calculate the final concentration when diluting a solution:

• Initial concentration (\(C_1\)) = 5 M
• Initial volume (\(V_1\)) = 100 mL
• Final volume (\(V_2\)) = 500 mL

1. Apply the dilution formula: \[ C_1V_1 = C_2V_2 \]
2. Rearrange to solve for \(C_2\): \[ C_2 = \frac{C_1V_1}{V_2} \]
3. Substitute the known values: \[ C_2 = \frac{5 \text{ M} \times 100 \text{ mL}}{500 \text{ mL}} \]
4. Calculate the result: \[ C_2 = 1 \text{ M} \]

Example and Visual Representation

Let's visualize the dilution process:

This visual representation shows:

• The initial solution with higher concentration and smaller volume
• The final solution with lower concentration and larger volume
• The dilution process, where solvent is added to decrease concentration
• The conservation of the amount of solute, as represented by the equation C₁V₁ = C₂V₂