Hydrogen Ion Concentration Calculator

What is Hydrogen Ion Concentration?

Hydrogen ion concentration, often expressed as [H+], is a measure of the amount of hydrogen ions (protons) in a solution. It is a fundamental concept in chemistry, particularly in understanding acidity and alkalinity. The concentration of hydrogen ions is closely related to the pH scale, which is used to quantify the acidity or basicity of a solution.

Formula

The hydrogen ion concentration is related to pH through the following equation:

\[ [H^+] = 10^{-pH} \]

Where:

• \([H^+]\) is the hydrogen ion concentration in mol/L
• \(pH\) is the negative logarithm (base 10) of the hydrogen ion concentration

Calculation Steps

Let's calculate the hydrogen ion concentration for a solution with pH 4:

1. Given: pH = 4
2. Apply the formula: \[ [H^+] = 10^{-pH} \]
3. Substitute the pH value: \[ [H^+] = 10^{-4} \]
4. Calculate: \[ [H^+] = 1 \times 10^{-4} \text{ mol/L} \]

Example and Visual Representation

Let's visualize the hydrogen ion concentration for different pH values:

This visual representation shows:

• The pH scale from 0 to 14
• Two example points: pH 4 (acidic) and pH 10 (basic)
• The corresponding hydrogen ion concentrations for these pH values
• How hydrogen ion concentration decreases as pH increases