Equivalent Mass of Acid Calculator

What is Equivalent Mass of Acid?

The equivalent mass of an acid is the mass of acid that will react with or supply one mole of hydrogen ions (H⁺) in an acid-base reaction. It is a crucial concept in acid-base chemistry and titrations.

Formula

The equivalent mass of an acid is calculated using the following formula:

\[ \text{Equivalent Mass} = \frac{\text{Molecular Weight}}{\text{Basicity}} \]

Where:

• \(\text{Equivalent Mass}\) is expressed in grams per equivalent (g/eq)
• \(\text{Molecular Weight}\) is the mass of one mole of the acid in grams per mole (g/mol)
• \(\text{Basicity}\) is the number of replaceable hydrogen atoms in one molecule of the acid

Calculation Steps

Let's calculate the equivalent mass of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄):

1. Determine the molecular weight of H₂SO₄: \[ \text{Molecular Weight} = 2(1) + 32 + 4(16) = 98 \text{ g/mol} \]
2. Identify the basicity of H₂SO₄: \[ \text{Basicity} = 2 \text{ (two replaceable hydrogen atoms)} \]
3. Apply the formula: \[ \text{Equivalent Mass} = \frac{\text{Molecular Weight}}{\text{Basicity}} = \frac{98 \text{ g/mol}}{2} = 49 \text{ g/eq} \]

Example and Visual Representation

Let's visualize the equivalent mass of sulfuric acid:

This visual representation shows:

• The molecular structure of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)
• Its molecular weight of 98 g/mol
• The two replaceable hydrogen ions (H⁺), indicating a basicity of 2
• The resulting equivalent mass of 49 g/eq